alphanumeric charaters- a combination of alphabetical and numerical characters. They're used to describe latin letters and arabic digits or something similar. Could also refer to math symbols and punctuation.
analog signal- a continuous signal (example: book or vhs tape)
digital signal- a separate signal (example: movie or music playlist)
cpu- a computer part that retrieves and executes instructions
character encoding- represents a collection of characters by an encoding system that assigns a number for each character
data comes in 3 states: data at rest, in transit, in use
polling - (input/output) sampling the status of an external device by a client program as a synchronized activity
sampling- reduction of a continuous time signal to a discrete time signal, like a sound wave
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